Lock construction for lock sets



K. F. FRYER LOCK CONSTRUCTION FOR LOCK SETS Nov. 17, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet2 Filed Nov. 2'7, 1961 INVENTOR. KENNETH Ffierse, QECEASEQ. By ALMA MHem-2, EXECUTE/X United States Patent 3,157,041 LOCK CONSTRUTION FORLOCK SETS Kenneth F. Fryer, deceased, late of Anaheim, Calif., by AlinaM. Fryer, executrix, Anaheim, Calif., assignor to Emhart Corporation, acorporation of Connecticut Filed Nov. 27, 1961, Ser. No. 156,192 Claims.(Cl. 70-216) This invention relates to a locking construction for locksets and, more particularly, to a locking construction which is adaptedto be utilized in conjunction with cylinder or other types of locks.

In conventional locking constructions utilized with cylinder locks it isnecessary to rotate the plug of the cylinder a full 360 to lock orunlock the cylinder lock in order that the key may with Withdrawn fromoperative relationship with said plug. Therefore, the user of the lockis compelled to completely rotate the plug each time he locks or unlocksa door in which the cylinder lock is installed.

While the teachings of the invention are disclosed as utilized inconjunction with a cylinder lock, it will, of course, be obvious tothose skilled in the art that analogous types of locks may be utilizedin conjunction with the locking construction of the invention and it isnot intended to limit the locking construction of the invention to anyparticular type of lock, as will become apparent hereinbelow.

It is, therefore, an object of my invention to provide a lockingconstruction for a lock set which is characterized by the fact that,when the locking construction is operated to cause the looking orunlocking of the door, it is only necessary to rotate the key and theassociated plug of the cylinder lock 90 in the desired direction to lockor unlock the door. After 90 rotation, reverse rotation of 90 willpermit the key to be withdrawn from the associated plug thus eliminatingthe necessity for 360 rotation characteristic of conventional lockingconstructions.

In lock sets which must be positively locked or unlocked from theexterior side thereof, such as schoolroom lock sets, the necessity for360 rotation of the plug of the cylinder lock to lock or unlock theassociated locking construction results in an undue expenditure of timeto accomplish the locking or unlocking operations.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a lockingconstruction particularly adapted for utilization in locks such asschoolroom locks, which must be positively locked to avoid thepossibility that the schoolroom door may be inadvertantly locked by achild or other user of the room. An associated object of my invention isthe provision of a locking construction of the aforementioned characterwhich eliminates the necessity for the complete rotation of the cylinderplug each time the schoolroom lock is locked or unlocked in order thatthe key may be withdrawn from operative association with said plug.

A further object of my invention is a locking construction for lock setswhich is adapted to be mounted in the hollow spindle of the lock set andwhich includes a locking dog and a cam actuator for said dog adapted toengage or release said dog from a mount for said spindle to accomplishthe looking or unlocking, respectively, of the lock set with which thelocking construction is associated.

Another object of my invention is a locking construction of theaforementioned character which is adapted to be utilized in conjunctionwith a cylinder lock and which incorporates a lost motion connectionwhich permits the locking construction to be locked or unlocked by 90rotation of the cylinder lock plug and which permits withdrawal of thekey from said plug by reverse 90 3,157,041 Patented Nov. 17, 1964rotation. Thus, the necessity for 360 rotation of the plug to withdrawthe key therefrom is eliminated.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing specification and the accompanying drawings which are for thepurpose of illustration only, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a section of a schoolroom lock setincorporating the locking construction of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal, sectional view taken on the broken line 22 ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, sectional view showing the locking constructionin its inoperative, unlocked condition;

FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the locking construction inits locked, operative position;

FIG. 5 is a vertical, sectional view taken on the broken line 5-5 ofFIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a vertical, sectional view taken on the broken line 66 of FIG.4;

FIG. 7 is a vertical, sectional view similar to FIG. 5 but showing thecam actuator in a different position;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing the major components of the lockingconstruction;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the positions of the componentswhen the locking structure is inoperative; and

FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9 showing the components in operativepositions.

. Referring to the drawings and particularly to FIGS. l4 thereof, I showa schoolroom lock set 10 which includes a bolt case 12 incorporating abolt 14, said bolt case being connected to a retractor slide housing 16.The retractor slide housing 16 incorporates spindle bearing plates 20,one of which is adapted to mount an exterior, tubular spindle 22 in abearing 24 provided upon the bearing plate 20. The tubular spindle 22has an exterior knob 26 mounted upon the outer extremity thereof and isprovided with a rollback 28 adapted to engage a retractor slide 30 and,upon rotation of said spindle to retract said slide against the bias ofa compression spring 32, to cause the retraction of the bolt 14 in amanner well-known to those skilled in the art.

A cylinder lock 40 of substantially standard construction is mounted inthe outer extremity of the spindle 22 and includes a rotatable plug 42supported in a housing 44 and having a face plate 46 mounted thereupon.The plug 42 is adapted to receive a key 48 in a keyway 52 in order thatrotation of said plug and an actuator blade 54 connected thereto may beaccomplished, in a manner to be described in greater detail below.

Located within the spindle 22 is a locking construction 60 which isadapted, upon proper rotation of the plug 42, to lock or unlock thespindle 22 to respectively prevent or permit retraction of the bolt 14.The locking construction 60 includes a mounting cage 62 which is adaptedto be slide into the spindle 22. The cage 62 incorporates substantiallycircular end plates 64 and 66 maintained in operative relationship witheach other by a connector bar 68. The end plate 64 is provided with atab 72 which is engageable in a corresponding slot 74 in the spindle 22to prevent relative rotation between said mounting cage and saidspindle. The end plate 64 also includes an opening 76 having stop lobes78 for a purpose which will be described in greater detail below. Aguide aperture 62 is incorporated in the end plate 66 and a radial slot64 is also provided therein.

Mounted for rotation in the mounting cage 62 is a cam 86 which has anelongated shank 38 thereupon located in the opening 76 and aperture 32.The extremity of the shank 38 projecting through the aperture 82. isretained in operative relationship with the end plate 66 by means of acotter pin 92 or a similar fastener.

The cam 86 includes an arcuately formed cam surface 04 and a slot 06adapted to receive the actuator 54 mounted in the inner extremity of theplug 42. Supported between the end plates 64 and 66 upon the shank 88 ofthe cam 66 is a locking dog 102 which includes a dogging lever 104disposed in the slot 84- and a cam follower 106. The cam follower 106 islocated for movement in a slot 108 and the extremity thereof isengageable by the cam surface 94 on the cam 86, in a manner to bedescribed in greater detail below.

A compression spring 110 is seated between the end plate 66 and a seat112 on the locking dog 102 and is adapted to urge the locking dog 102downwardly into the unlocked position in which the dogging lever 104lies within the radial slot 84. An opening 114 in the seat 112 of thelocking dog 102 receives the shank S3 of the cam 86 and, thus, thelocking dog 102 is supported upon the shank 88 of said cam. It should benoted that the cam surface 94 terminates in a detent 114 adapted toreceive the corresponding extremity of the cam follower 106.

Therefore, when the cam surface 94 is rotated to urge the dogging lever104 outwardly into its locking position, the extremity of the camfollower 106 will drop into the detent 114 on the cam surface 94 toretain the dogging lever 104 in its locking position. If the camfollower 106 were not so retained, the bias of the compression spring110 against the seat 112 would force the extremity of the cam follower106 against the curvilinear cam surface 94 and return the cam to aposition in which the dogging lever 104 would drop into its unlockedposition within the slot 84 in the end plate 66.

The right-singularly bent extremity of the dogging lever 104 is, as bestshown in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings, located in a corresponding notch11% provided in the inner extremity of the tubular spindle 22. Acorresponding slot 122 is formed in the bearing 24 for the reception ofthe extremity of the dogging lever 104.

The assembly of the locking construction 60 in operative relationshipwith the hollow spindle 22 merely entails the insertion of the lockingconstruction 60 into the outer extremity of said spindle with the tab 72on the end plate 64 located in the slot 74 of the spindle 22. Thecurvilinear portions of the end plates 64 and 66 engages thecorresponding cylindrical interior wall of the spindle 22 and facilitatethe sliding insertion of the locking construction 60 into the spindle22. When the tab 72 reaches the end of the slot '74 the right-angularlybent extremity of the dogging lever 104 is urged upwardly into the notch118 by the action of the compression spring 110.

After installation of the locking construction 60 has been completed,the cylinder lock 40 is installed in the outer end of the spindle 22 andthe actuator blade 54 located in the corresponding slot 96 of the cam36. It will be noted that, as best shown in FIGS. -7 of the drawings,the blade 54 does not fit snugly or tightly within the slot 96 in thecam 86. Therefore, as will become apparent hereinbelow, the connectionbetween the actuator blade 54 and the cam 86 constitutes a lost motionconnection which permits the blade 54 to rotate the cam 86 but whichalso permits relative rotation between the blade 54 and the cam 86.

The locking construction 60 is shown in its disengaged or unlockedposition in FIGS. 3, 5, 7 and 9 of the drawings with the cam follower106 located adjacent the extremity of the cam surface 94 and the dogginglever 104 disposed in the slots 84 in the end plate 66 and the slot 118in the spindle 22. The compression spring 110 maintains the dogginglever 104 in the disengaged, unlocked position by biasing the camfollower 106 into the slot 108 in the end plate 64.

However, when the key 48 is inserted in the keyway 52 of the plug 42,and rotated counterclockwise in the direction of the arrow 124 of FIG.5, corresponding counterclockwise rotation of the actuator blade 54 willoccur causing the actuator blade 54 to impinge on the opposite edges ofthe slot 96 and to correspondingly rotate the cam 86 to urge the camsurface 94 against the cam follower 106. When 90 rotation of the camsurface 94 has been accomplished, the right-angularly bent cxtremity ofthe dogging lever 104 will be located in the slot 122 in the bearing 24thus locking the spindle 22 to the bearing 24 and preventing relativerotation between said spindle and said bearing to prevent the bolt 14from being drawn into the bolt case 12 and locking the associated door.

Completion of the 90 rotation of the cam surface 94' is indicated by theimpingement of the shank of the cam 86 upon the left-hand stop lobe '78.When the cam surface 94 reaches the extreme limit of its lockingmovement the cam follower 106 drops into the detent 114 in said surfaceand retains the cam surface 04 in its locking position against the biasof the spring 110.

Removal of the key 43 from the corresponding keyway 52 of the plug 42 isaccomplished by reverse rotation of the plug 42 and the actuator blade5'4 in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow 126 in FIG. 6 ofthe drawings. The lost motion relationship between the actuator blade 54and the slot 96 of the cam 06 permits relative reverse rotation of theblade 54 into its initial position and removal of the key 48 from thekeyway 52 without the necessity for 360 rotation thereof.

In order to accomplish the unlocking of the locking construction 60, thekey 48 is inserted into the keyway 52 of the plug 42 with the actuatorblade 54 located in the phantom position of FIG. 6 of the drawings. Theplug 42 and key 43 are then rotated in a clockwise direction asindicated by the arrow 128 and in FIG. 7, to engage the actuator blade54 on the opposite edges of the cam slot 96 and cause clockwise rotationof the cam surface 94. Clockwise rotation of the cam surface 94initially disengages the extremity of the cam follower 106 from theassociated detent 114 in said surface and subsequently rotates said camsurface into the position of FIG. 7 wherein the cam follower 106 is onceagain located within the slot 108 in the end plate 64 and the dogginglever 104 withdrawn from operative engagement with the slot 122 in thebearing 94.

Clockwise rotation of the cam 86 in the above described manner islimited by ultimate impingement on the side of the shank 83 of the cam86 on the right-hand stop lobe 78. Completion of the unlocking cyclehaving been accomplished, the key 48 and plug 42 may be rotated in acounterclockwise direction to locate the blade 54 in the position ofFIG. 5 of the drawings and permit withdrawal of the key 48 from thekeyway 52 by only of reverse rotation.

Once the right-angularly bent extremity of the clogging lever 104 hasbeen withdrawn from the slot 122 in the bearing 24, the spindle 22 maybe freely rotated to permit the rollback 28 to urge the retractor slide30 rearwardly in the retraction slide housing 16 against the bias of thespring 32. Rearward movement of the retractor slide 30 draws the bolt 14into the bolt cage 12 and permits the door with which the lock set 10 isassociated to be opened.

I thus provide a locking construction for utilization with lock setswhich must be positively locked and unlocked, said locking constructionbeing characterized by the fact that 360 rotation of the key in the lockassociated with said locking construction is not necessary, withdrawalof the key being accomplished by 90 reverse rotation of the key after 90rotation thereof to accomplish either locking or unlocking of thelocking construction. Moreover, the locking construction of theinvention is characterized by the fact that it may be readily installedas a unit in a slightly modified exterior, tubular spindle and, thus,the necessity for complex locking construction characteristic of theprior art is eliminated.

I claim:

1. In a locking construction, the combination of: a

housing; a knob actuating spindle in said housing; a mount located insaid spindle having end plates at its opposite extremities incorporatingcoincident openings; a rotatable cam supported externally of one of saidend plates having a shank extending through said openings and a slot onsaid cam engageable by a key plug; and a dog pivotally mounted upon saidshank and having an end engageable by said cam and its opposite endengageable with said spindle and said housing for locking said spindleagainst rotation with respect to said housing.

2. In a locking construction, the combination of: a housing; a knobactuating spindle in said housing; a mount located in said spindlehaving end plates at its opposite extremities incorporating coincidentopenings; a rotatable cam supported externally of one of said end plateshaving a shank extending through said openings and a slot on said camengageable by a key plug; a dog pivotally mounted upon said shank andhaving an end engageable by said cam and its opposite end engageablewith said spindle and said housing for locking said spindle againstrotation with respect to said housing, said dog having a spring seatthereupon; and a spring encompassing said shank and interposed betweenone of said end plates and said seat for biasing said other end out ofengagement with said housing.

3. In a lock construction, the combination of: a housing; an elongatedhollow spindle; a lock in said spindle having a key plug; a supportmounting said spindle for rotation; a mount in said spindle havingspaced openings therein; a cam having a key plug engageable opening andan elongated shank mounted for rotation in said openings; and a dogginglever mounted on said shank having one end engageable by said cam andthe other end engageable with said support to lock said spindle againstrotation with respect to said support.

4. In a lock construction, the combination of: a housing; an elongatedhollow spindle; a lock in said spindle having a key plug; a supportmounting said spindle for rotation; a mount in said spindle havingspaced openings therein; a cam having a key plug engageable opening andan elongated shank mounted for rotation in said openings; a dogginglever mounted on said shank having one end engageable by said cam andthe other end engageable with said support to lock said spindle againstrotation with respect to said support; and a spring encompassing saidshank and engageable with said lever to withdraw said one end of saidlever from locking engagement with said support.

5. In a lock construction, the combination of: an elongated hollowspindle; a support mounting said spindle for rotation; a mount in saidspindle having spaced end plates thereupon incorporating coincidentopenings; a cam rotatable upon one of said end plates having a key plugengageable opening and a shank extending through said openings; and adogging lever having an opening therein through which said shank extendsto mount said lever between said plates, said dogging lever having a camlobe thereupon engageable by said cam and having an extremity engageablewith said support to lock said spindle against rotation with respect tosaid support.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,060,251 Hagstrorn Apr. 29, 1913 1,446,085 Falk Feb. 20, 1923 2,694,919Fisler et al Nov. 23, 1954 2,738,666 Tornoe Mar. 20, 1956 2,976,714Hofgesang Mar. 28, 1961

3. IN A LOCK CONSTRUCTION, THE COMBINATION OF: A HOUSING; AN ELONGATEDHOLLOW SPINDLE; A LOCK IN SAID SPINDLE HAVING A KEY PLUG; A SUPPORTMOUNTING SAID SPINDLE FOR ROTATION; A MOUNT IN SAID SPINDLE HAVINGSPACED OPENINGS THEREIN; A CAM HAVING A KEY PLUG ENGAGEABLE OPENING ANDAN ELONGATED SHANK MOUNTED FOR ROTATION IN SAID